diff --git a/ngcp/dp.lua b/ngcp/dp.lua
index 7506db4..461c21b 100644
--- a/ngcp/dp.lua
+++ b/ngcp/dp.lua
@@ -41,33 +41,38 @@ NGCPDomainPrefs_MT.__tostring = function ()
         return NGCPDomainPrefs._load(self,"callee",uuid)
     end
 
-    function NGCPDomainPrefs:_get_defaults(level)
+    function NGCPDomainPrefs:_defaults(level)
         local defaults = self.config:get_defaults('dom')
         local keys = {}
         local k,_
 
         if defaults then
-            self:xavp(level, defaults)
             for k,_ in pairs(defaults) do
                 table.insert(keys, k)
             end
         end
-        return keys
+        return keys, defaults
     end
 
     function NGCPDomainPrefs:_load(level, uuid)
         local con = self.config:getDBConnection()
         local query = "SELECT * FROM " .. self.db_table .. " WHERE domain ='" .. uuid .."'"
         local cur = con:execute(query)
-        local keys = self:_get_defaults(level)
+        local defaults
+        local keys
         local result = {}
         local row = cur:fetch({}, "a")
+        local k,v
+        local xavp
+
+        keys, defaults = self:_defaults(level)
 
         if row then
             while row do
                 --sr.log("info", string.format("result:%s row:%s", table.tostring(result), table.tostring(row)))
                 table.insert(result, row)
                 table.add(keys, row.attribute)
+                defaults[row.attribute] = nil
                 row = cur:fetch({}, "a")
             end
         else
@@ -75,7 +80,11 @@ NGCPDomainPrefs_MT.__tostring = function ()
         end
         cur:close()
         con:close()
-        self:xavp(level, result)
+
+        xavp = self:xavp(level, result)
+        for k,v in pairs(defaults) do
+            xavp(k, v)
+        end
 
         return keys
     end
diff --git a/ngcp/ngcp.lua b/ngcp/ngcp.lua
index f7cbddd..c550ce5 100644
--- a/ngcp/ngcp.lua
+++ b/ngcp/ngcp.lua
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ NGCPConfig_MT = { __index = NGCPConfig }
             db_pass = "somepasswd",
             db_database = "kamailio",
             default = {
-                all = {
+                peer = {
                     sst_enable = "yes",
                     sst_expires = 300,
                     sst_min_timer = 90,
@@ -34,7 +34,19 @@ NGCPConfig_MT = { __index = NGCPConfig }
                     inbound_uprn = "from_user",
                     ip_header = "P-NGCP-Src-Ip",
                 },
-                real = {
+                dom = {
+                    sst_enable = "yes",
+                    sst_expires = 300,
+                    sst_min_timer = 90,
+                    sst_max_timer = 7200,
+                    sst_refresh_method = "UPDATE_FALLBACK_INVITE",
+                    outbound_from_user = "npn",
+                    inbound_upn = "from_user",
+                    inbound_uprn = "from_user",
+                    ip_header = "P-NGCP-Src-Ip",
+                },
+                -- just for prefs that are only on usr level
+                usr = {
                     account_id = 0,
                     ext_subscriber_id = "",
                     ext_contract_id = "",
@@ -55,11 +67,7 @@ NGCPConfig_MT = { __index = NGCPConfig }
 
     function NGCPConfig:get_defaults(vtype)
         local k,v
-        local defs = table.deepcopy(self.default.all)
-
-        if (vtype == 'dom' or vtype == 'usr') then
-            vtype = 'real'
-        end
+        local defs = {}
 
         if self.default.vtype then
             for k,v in pairs(default.vtype) do
@@ -99,7 +107,7 @@ end
             dom  = NGCPDomainPrefs:new(t.config),
             usr  = NGCPUserPrefs:new(t.config),
             peer = NGCPPeerPrefs:new(t.config),
-            real = NGCPRealPrefs:new(),
+            real = NGCPRealPrefs:new(t.config),
         }
         return t
     end
diff --git a/ngcp/pp.lua b/ngcp/pp.lua
index 3fbe92a..0cbbe46 100644
--- a/ngcp/pp.lua
+++ b/ngcp/pp.lua
@@ -43,41 +43,50 @@ NGCPPeerPrefs_MT.__tostring = function ()
         end
     end
 
-    function NGCPPeerPrefs:_get_defaults(level)
+    function NGCPPeerPrefs:_defaults(level)
         local defaults = self.config:get_defaults('peer')
         local keys = {}
         local k,_
 
         if defaults then
-            self:xavp(level, defaults)
-            for k,_ in pairs(defaults) do
+            for k,v in pairs(defaults) do
                 table.insert(keys, k)
             end
         end
-        return keys
+        return keys, defaults
     end
 
     function NGCPPeerPrefs:_load(level, uuid)
         local con = assert (self.config:getDBConnection())
         local query = "SELECT * FROM " .. self.db_table .. " WHERE uuid = '" .. uuid .. "'"
         local cur = assert (con:execute(query))
-        local keys = self:_get_defaults(level)
+        local defaults
+        local keys
         local result = {}
         local row = cur:fetch({}, "a")
+        local k,v
+        local xavp
+
+        keys, defaults = self:_defaults(level)
 
         if row then
             while row do
                 --sr.log("info", string.format("result:%s row:%s", table.tostring(result), table.tostring(row)))
                 table.insert(result, row)
                 table.add(keys, row.attribute)
+                defaults[row.attribute] = nil
                 row = cur:fetch({}, "a")
             end
         else
             sr.log("dbg", string.format("no results for query:%s", query))
         end
-        self:xavp(level, result)
         cur:close()
         con:close()
+
+        xavp = self:xavp(level, result)
+        for k,v in pairs(defaults) do
+            xavp(k, v)
+        end
         return keys
     end
 
diff --git a/ngcp/up.lua b/ngcp/up.lua
index cb60267..561941e 100644
--- a/ngcp/up.lua
+++ b/ngcp/up.lua
@@ -41,41 +41,50 @@ NGCPUserPrefs_MT.__tostring = function ()
         return NGCPUserPrefs._load(self,"callee",uuid)
     end
 
-    function NGCPUserPrefs:_get_defaults(level)
+    function NGCPUserPrefs:_defaults(level)
         local defaults = self.config:get_defaults('usr')
         local keys = {}
         local k,_
 
         if defaults then
-            self:xavp(level, defaults)
-            for k,_ in pairs(defaults) do
+            for k,v in pairs(defaults) do
                 table.insert(keys, k)
             end
         end
-        return keys
+        return keys, defaults
     end
 
     function NGCPUserPrefs:_load(level, uuid)
         local con = assert (self.config:getDBConnection())
         local query = "SELECT * FROM " .. self.db_table .. " WHERE uuid ='" .. uuid .. "'"
         local cur = assert (con:execute(query))
-        local keys = self:_get_defaults(level)
+        local defaults
+        local keys
         local result = {}
         local row = cur:fetch({}, "a")
+        local k,v
+        local xavp
+
+        keys, defaults = self:_defaults(level)
 
         if row then
             while row do
                 --sr.log("info", string.format("result:%s row:%s", table.tostring(result), table.tostring(row)))
                 table.insert(result, row)
                 table.add(keys, row.attribute)
+                defaults[row.attribute] = nil
                 row = cur:fetch({}, "a")
             end
         else
             sr.log("dbg", string.format("no results for query:%s", query))
         end
-        self:xavp(level,result)
         cur:close()
         con:close()
+
+        xavp = self:xavp(level, result)
+        for k,v in pairs(defaults) do
+            xavp(k, v)
+        end
         return keys
     end
 
diff --git a/tests/ngcp.lua b/tests/ngcp.lua
index acecfe8..e746ea8 100644
--- a/tests/ngcp.lua
+++ b/tests/ngcp.lua
@@ -53,22 +53,17 @@ TestNGCP = {} --class
 
     function TestNGCP:test_config()
         assertTrue(self.ngcp.config)
-        assertEquals(self.ngcp.config.default.all.sst_enable, "yes")
     end
 
     function TestNGCP:test_config_get_defaults_all()
         local defaults = NGCPConfig.get_defaults(self.ngcp.config, 'peer')
-        assertItemsEquals(defaults, self.ngcp.config.default.all)
+        assertItemsEquals(defaults, self.ngcp.config.default.peer)
     end
 
     function TestNGCP:test_config_get_defaults_real()
         local defaults = NGCPConfig.get_defaults(self.ngcp.config, 'usr')
-        local real_defaults = table.deepcopy(self.ngcp.config.default.all)
-        local k,v
-        for k,v in pairs(self.ngcp.config.default.real) do
-            real_defaults[k] = v
-        end
-        assertItemsEquals(defaults, real_defaults)
+        local usr_defaults = table.deepcopy(self.ngcp.config.default.usr)
+        assertItemsEquals(defaults, usr_defaults)
     end
 
     function TestNGCP:test_prefs_init()
@@ -131,6 +126,31 @@ TestNGCP = {} --class
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_real_prefs=>no_nat_sipping)"), "no")
     end
 
+    function TestNGCP:test_caller_usr_load_empty_usr()
+        local c = self.ngcp.config
+        env:connect(c.db_database, c.db_username, c.db_pass, c.db_host, c.db_port) ;mc :returns(self.con)
+        self.con:execute("SELECT * FROM dom_preferences WHERE domain ='192.168.51.56'")  ;mc :returns(self.cur)
+        self.cur:fetch(mc.ANYARGS)    ;mc :returns(self.dp_vars:val("d_192_168_51_56"))
+        self.cur:fetch(mc.ANYARGS)    ;mc :returns(self.dp_vars:val("d_192_168_51_56"))
+        self.cur:fetch(mc.ANYARGS)    ;mc :returns(nil)
+        self.cur:close()
+        self.con:close()
+
+        mc:replay()
+        local keys = self.ngcp:caller_usr_load(nil, "192.168.51.56")
+        mc:verify()
+
+        assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_dom_prefs=>dummy)"), "caller")
+        assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_usr_prefs=>dummy)"), "caller")
+        --- the default is on real and dom NOT in usr
+        assertIsNil(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_usr_prefs=>sst_enable)"))
+        assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_dom_prefs=>sst_enable)"), "no")
+        assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_real_prefs=>sst_enable)"), "no")
+        assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_real_prefs=>sst_refresh_method)"), "UPDATE_FALLBACK_INVITE")
+        assertIsNil(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_real_prefs=>force_outbound_calls_to_peer)"))
+        assertIsNil(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_dom_prefs=>force_outbound_calls_to_peer)"))
+    end
+
     function TestNGCP:test_caller_usr_load()
         local c = self.ngcp.config
         env:connect(c.db_database, c.db_username, c.db_pass, c.db_host, c.db_port) ;mc :returns(self.con)
@@ -157,6 +177,8 @@ TestNGCP = {} --class
         mc:verify()
 
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_usr_prefs=>dummy)"), "caller")
+        --- the default is on real NOT in usr
+        assertIsNil(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_usr_prefs=>sst_enable)"))
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_real_prefs=>sst_enable)"), "no")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_real_prefs=>sst_refresh_method)"), "UPDATE_FALLBACK_INVITE")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_usr_prefs=>force_outbound_calls_to_peer)"), 1)
@@ -192,6 +214,9 @@ TestNGCP = {} --class
         mc:verify()
 
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_usr_prefs=>dummy)"), "callee")
+        assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_dom_prefs=>sst_enable)"), "no")
+        --- the default is on real NOT in usr
+        assertIsNil(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_usr_prefs=>sst_enable)"))
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_real_prefs=>sst_enable)"), "no")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_real_prefs=>sst_refresh_method)"), "UPDATE_FALLBACK_INVITE")
     end
diff --git a/tests/ngcp_pp.lua b/tests/ngcp_pp.lua
index 70c12db..ccecf41 100644
--- a/tests/ngcp_pp.lua
+++ b/tests/ngcp_pp.lua
@@ -56,13 +56,14 @@ TestNGCPPeerPrefs = {} --class
         assertEquals(self.d.db_table, "peer_preferences")
     end
 
-    function TestNGCPPeerPrefs:get_defaults()
+    function TestNGCPPeerPrefs:get_defaults(level)
         local keys_expected = {"sst_enable", "sst_refresh_method"}
-        local defaults = NGCPConfig.get_defaults(self.d.config, 'peer')
-        local k,_
+        local defaults = self.d.config:get_defaults('peer')
+        local k,v
 
-        for k,_ in pairs(defaults) do
+        for k,v in pairs(defaults) do
             table.add(keys_expected, k)
+            assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp("..level.."_peer_prefs=>"..k..")"), v)
         end
         return keys_expected
     end
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ TestNGCPPeerPrefs = {} --class
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_peer_prefs=>dummy)"), "caller")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_peer_prefs=>sst_enable)"),"no")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(caller_peer_prefs=>sst_refresh_method)"), "UPDATE_FALLBACK_INVITE")
-        assertItemsEquals(keys, TestNGCPPeerPrefs:get_defaults())
+        assertItemsEquals(keys, TestNGCPPeerPrefs:get_defaults("caller"))
     end
 
     function TestNGCPPeerPrefs:test_callee_load()
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ TestNGCPPeerPrefs = {} --class
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_peer_prefs=>dummy)"), "callee")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_peer_prefs=>sst_enable)"),"no")
         assertEquals(sr.pv.get("$xavp(callee_peer_prefs=>sst_refresh_method)"), "UPDATE_FALLBACK_INVITE")
-        assertItemsEquals(keys, TestNGCPPeerPrefs:get_defaults())
+        assertItemsEquals(keys, TestNGCPPeerPrefs:get_defaults("callee"))
     end
 
     function TestNGCPPeerPrefs:test_clean()