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kamailio/modules/tls/doc/certs_howto.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE section PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<section id="tls.certs_howto" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<sectioninfo>
</sectioninfo>
<title>Quick Certificate Howto</title>
<para>
There are various ways to create, sign certificates and manage small CAs (Certificate Authorities). If you want a GUI, try <ulink url="http://tinyca.sm-zone.net/">tinyca (http://tinyca.sm-zone.net/)</ulink>, a very nice and small CA management application. If you are in a hurry and everything you have are the installed openssl libraries and utilities, read on.
</para>
<para>
Assumptions: we run our own CA.
</para>
<para>
Warning: in this example no key is encrypted. The client and server private keys must not be encrypted (ser doesn't support encrypted keys), so make sure the corresponding files are readable only by trusted people. You should use a password for your CA private key.
</para>
<para>
<programlisting>
Assumptions
------------
The default openssl configuration (usually /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf)
default_ca section is the one distributed with openssl and uses the default
directories:
...
default_ca = CA_default # The default ca section
[ CA_default ]
dir = ./demoCA # Where everything is kept
certs = $dir/certs # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir = $dir/crl # Where the issued crl are kept
database = $dir/index.txt # database index file.
#unique_subject = no # Set to 'no' to allow creation of
# several ctificates with same subject.
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts # default place for new certs.
certificate = $dir/cacert.pem # The CA certificate
serial = $dir/serial # The current serial number
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber # the current crl number
crl = $dir/crl.pem # The current CRL
private_key = $dir/private/cakey.pem# The private key
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand # private random number file
...
If this is not the case create a new openssl config file that uses the above
paths for the default CA and add to all the openssl commands:
-config filename. E.g.:
openssl ca -config my_openssl.cnf -in ser1_cert_req.pem -out ser1_cert.pem
Creating CA certificate
-----------------------
1. create CA dir
mkdir ca
cd ca
2. create ca dir structure and files (see ca(1))
mkdir demoCA #default CA name, edit /etc/ss/openssl.cnf
mkdir demoCA/private
mkdir demoCA/newcerts
touch demoCA/index.txt
echo 01 >demoCA/serial
echo 01 >demoCA/crlnumber
2. create CA private key
openssl genrsa -out demoCA/private/cakey.pem 2048
chmod 600 demoCA/private/cakey.pem
3. create CA self-signed certificate
openssl req -out demoCA/cacert.pem -x509 -new -key demoCA/private/cakey.pem
Creating a server/client certificate
------------------------------------
1. create a certificate request (and its private key in privkey.pem)
openssl req -out ser1_cert_req.pem -new -nodes
WARNING: the organization name should be the same as in the ca certificate.
2. sign it with the ca certificate
openssl ca -in ser1_cert_req.pem -out ser1_cert.pem
3. copy ser1_cert.pem to your ser config. dir
Setting sip-router to use the certificate
-----------------------------------------
1. create the ca list file:
for each of your ca certificates that you intend to use do:
cat cacert.pem >>calist.pem
2. copy your sip-router certificate, private key and ca list file to your
intended machine (preferably in your sip-router configuration directory,
this is the default place sip-router searches for).
3. set up sip-router.cfg to use the certificate
if your ser certificate name is different from cert.pem or it is not
placed in sip-router cfg. directory, add to your sip-router.cfg:
modparam("tls", "certificate", "/path/cert_file_name")
4. set up sip-router to use the private key
if your private key is not contained in the same file as the certificate
(or the certificate name is not the default cert.pem), add to your
sip-router.cfg:
modparam("tls", "private_key", "/path/private_key_file")
5. set up sip-router to use the ca list (optional)
add to your sip-router.cfg:
modparam("tls", "ca_list", "/path/ca_list_file")
6. set up tls authentication options:
modparam("tls", "verify_certificate", 1)
modparam("tls", "require_certificate", 1)
(for more information see the module parameters documentation)
Revoking a certificate and using a CRL
--------------------------------------
1. revoking a certificate:
openssl ca -revoke bad_cert.pem
2. generate/update the certificate revocation list:
openssl ca -gencrl -out my_crl.pem
3. copy my_crl.pem to your ser config. dir
4. set up sip-router to use the CRL:
modparam("tls", "crl", "path/my_crl.pem")
</programlisting>
</para>
</section>