H350 Module

Christian Schlatter

   University of North Carolina
   <cs@unc.edu>

   Copyright © 2007 University of North Carolina
     __________________________________________________________________

   Table of Contents

   1. Admin Guide

        1. Overview

              1.1. Example H.350 commObject LDAP Entry

        2. Dependencies

              2.1. Kamailio Modules
              2.2. External Libraries or Applications

        3. Parameters

              3.1. ldap_session (string)
              3.2. base_dn (string)
              3.3. search_scope (string)

        4. Functions

              4.1. h350_sipuri_lookup(sip_uri)
              4.2. h350_auth_lookup(auth_username,
                      "username_avp_spec/pwd_avp_spec")

              4.3. h350_result_call_preferences(avp_name_prefix)
              4.4. h350_result_service_level(avp_name_prefix)

   Resources

   List of Examples

   1.1. Example H.350 commObject storing SIP account data
   1.2. ldap_session parameter usage
   1.3. base_dn parameter usage
   1.4. search_scope parameter usage
   1.5. Example Usage
   1.6. Example Usage
   1.7. Example H.350 callPreferenceURI simple call forwarding rules
   1.8. Example Usage
   1.9. Example SIPIdentityServiceLevel values and resulting AVPs
   1.10. Example Usage

Chapter 1. Admin Guide

   Table of Contents

   1. Overview

        1.1. Example H.350 commObject LDAP Entry

   2. Dependencies

        2.1. Kamailio Modules
        2.2. External Libraries or Applications

   3. Parameters

        3.1. ldap_session (string)
        3.2. base_dn (string)
        3.3. search_scope (string)

   4. Functions

        4.1. h350_sipuri_lookup(sip_uri)
        4.2. h350_auth_lookup(auth_username,
                "username_avp_spec/pwd_avp_spec")

        4.3. h350_result_call_preferences(avp_name_prefix)
        4.4. h350_result_service_level(avp_name_prefix)

1. Overview

   1.1. Example H.350 commObject LDAP Entry

   The Kamailio H350 module enables an Kamailio SIP proxy server to access
   SIP account data stored in an LDAP [RFC4510] directory containing H.350
   [H.350] commObjects. ITU-T Recommendation H.350 standardizes LDAP
   object classes to store Real-Time Communication (RTC) account data. In
   particular, H.350.4 [H.350.4] defines an object class called
   sipIdentity that includes attribute specifications for SIP account data
   like SIP URI, SIP digest username/password, or service level. This
   allows to store SIP account data in a vendor neutral way and lets
   different entities, like SIP proxies, provisioning, or billing
   applications, access the data in a standardized format.

   The ViDe H.350 Cookbook [vide-h.350-cb] is a good reference for
   deploying an H.350 directory. Besides general information on H.350,
   LDAP, and related standards, this document explains how to set up an
   H.350/LDAP directory and discusses different deployment scenarios.

   The H350 module uses the Kamailio LDAP module to import H.350 attribute
   values into the Kamailio routing script variable space. The module
   exports functions to parse and store the H.350 attribute values from
   the Kamailio routing script. It allows a script writer to implement
   H.350 based SIP digest authentication, call forwarding, SIP URI alias
   to AOR rewriting, and service level parsing.

1.1. Example H.350 commObject LDAP Entry

   The following example shows a typical H.350 commObject LDAP entry
   storing SIP account data.

   Example 1.1. Example H.350 commObject storing SIP account data
Attribute Name                Attribute Value(s)
--------------                -----------------

# LDAP URI identifying the owner of this commObject, typically
# points to an entry in the enterprise directory
commOwner       ldap://dir.example.com/dc=example,dc=com??one?(uid=bob)

# Unique identifier for this commObject, used for referencing
# this object e.g. from the enterprise directory
commUniqueId                  298217asdjgj213

# Determines if this commObject should be listed on white pages
commPrivate                   false

# Valid SIP URIs for this account (can be used to store alias SIP URIs
# like DIDs as well)
SIPIdentitySIPURI             sip:bob@example.com
                              sip:bob@alias.example.com
                              sip:+1919123456@alias.example.com
# SIP digest username
SIPIdentityUserName           bob

# SIP digest password
SIPIdentityPassword           pwd

# SIP proxy address
SIPIdentityProxyAddress       sip.example.com

# SIP registrar address
SIPIdentityRegistrarAddress   sip.example.com

# Call preferences: Forward to voicemail on no response
# after 20 seconds and on busy
callPreferenceURI             sip:bob@voicemail.example.com n:20000
                              sip:bob@voicemail.example.com b

# Account service level(s)
SIPIdentityServiceLevel       long_distance
                              conferencing

# H.350 object classes
objectClass                   top
                              commObject
                              SIPIdentity
                              callPreferenceURIObject

2. Dependencies

   2.1. Kamailio Modules
   2.2. External Libraries or Applications

2.1. Kamailio Modules

   The module depends on the following modules (the listed modules must be
   loaded before this module):
     * LDAP

2.2. External Libraries or Applications

   The following libraries or applications must be installed before
   running Kamailio with this module loaded:
     * OpenLDAP library (libldap), libldap header files (libldap-dev) are
       needed for compilation

3. Parameters

   3.1. ldap_session (string)
   3.2. base_dn (string)
   3.3. search_scope (string)

3.1. ldap_session (string)

   Name of the LDAP session to be used for H.350 queries, as defined in
   the LDAP module configuration file.

   Default value: ""

   Example 1.2. ldap_session parameter usage
modparam("h350", "ldap_session", "h350");

3.2. base_dn (string)

   Base LDAP DN to start LDAP search for H.350 entries. For best
   performance, this should be set to the direct ancestor of the H.350
   objects.

   Default value: ""

   Example 1.3. base_dn parameter usage
modparam("h350", "base_dn", "ou=h350,dc=example,dc=com");

3.3. search_scope (string)

   LDAP search scope for H.350 queries, one of "one", "base", or "sub".

   Default value: "one"

   Example 1.4. search_scope parameter usage
modparam("h350", "search_scope", "sub");

4. Functions

   4.1. h350_sipuri_lookup(sip_uri)
   4.2. h350_auth_lookup(auth_username, "username_avp_spec/pwd_avp_spec")
   4.3. h350_result_call_preferences(avp_name_prefix)
   4.4. h350_result_service_level(avp_name_prefix)

4.1. h350_sipuri_lookup(sip_uri)

   This function performs an LDAP search query for an H.350 commObject
   with a SIPIdentitySIPURI of sip_uri. The sip_uri parameter first gets
   escaped according the rules for LDAP filter strings. The result of the
   LDAP search is stored internally and can be accessed either by one of
   the h350_result* or one of the ldap_result* functions from the Kamailio
   LDAP module.

   The function returns -1 (FALSE) for internal errors, and -2 (FALSE) if
   no H.350 commObject was found with a matching sip_uri. n > 0 (TRUE) is
   returned if n H.350 commObjects were found.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
   FAILURE_ROUTE and BRANCH_ROUTE.

   Function Parameters:

   sip_uri
          H.350 SIPIdentitySIPURI to search for in directory. Included
          Kamailio variables do get expanded.

   Return Values:

   n > 0 (TRUE):

          + n H.350 commObjects found.

   -1 (FALSE):

          + Internal error occurred.

   -2 (FALSE):

          + No H.350 commObject found.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
   BRANCH_ROUTE, and ONREPLY_ROUTE.

   Example 1.5. Example Usage
#
# H.350 lookup for callee
#

if (!h350_sipuri_lookup("sip:$rU@$rd"))
{
    switch ($retcode)
    {
    case -2:
        xlog("L_INFO",
             "h350 callee lookup: no entry found in H.350 directory");
        exit;
    case -1:
        sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
        exit;
    }
}

# now h350_result* or ldap_result* functions can be used

4.2. h350_auth_lookup(auth_username, "username_avp_spec/pwd_avp_spec")

   This function performs an LDAP search query for SIP digest
   authentication credentials in an H.350 directory. The H.350 directory
   is searched for a commObject with SIPIdentityUserName of auth_username.
   If such a commObject is found, the SIP digest authentication username
   and password are stored in AVPs username_avp_spec and pwd_avp_spec,
   respectively. pv_*_authorize functions from AUTH module can then be
   used to perform SIP digest authentication.

   The function returns 1 (TRUE) if an H.350 commObject was found, -1
   (FALSE) in case of an internal error, and -2 (FALSE) if no matching
   commObject was found.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
   FAILURE_ROUTE and BRANCH_ROUTE.

   Function Parameters:

   auth_username
          H.350 SIPIdentityUserName to search for in directory. Included
          Kamailio variables do get expanded.

   username_avp_spec
          Specification for authentication username AVP, e.g.
          $avp(s:username).

   pwd_avp_spec
          Specification for authentication password AVP, e.g. $avp(s:pwd).

   Return Values:

   1 (TRUE):

          + H.350 commObject found and SIP digest authentication
            credentials stored in username_avp_spec and pwd_avp_spec.

   -1 (FALSE):

          + Internal error occurred.

   -2 (FALSE):

          + No H.350 commObject found.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
   BRANCH_ROUTE, and ONREPLY_ROUTE.

   Example 1.6. Example Usage
# -- auth params --
modparam("auth", "username_spec", "$avp(s:auth_user)")
modparam("auth", "password_spec", "$avp(s:auth_pwd)")
modparam("auth", "calculate_ha1", 1)

# -- h350 params --
modparam("h350", "ldap_session", "h350")
modparam("h350", "base_dn", "ou=h350,dc=example,dc=com")
modparam("h350", "search_scope", "one")


route[1]
{
    #
    # H.350 based SIP digest authentication
    #

    # challenge all requests not including an Auth header
    if (!(is_present_hf("Authorization") ||
          is_present_hf("Proxy-Authorization")))
    {
        if (is_method("REGISTER"))
        {
            www_challenge("example.com", "0");
            exit;
        }
        proxy_challenge("example.com", "0");
        exit;
    }

    # get digest password from H.350 using auth username ($au)
    if (!h350_auth_lookup("$au",
                          "$avp(s:auth_user)/$avp(s:auth_pwd)"))
    {
        switch ($retcode)
        {
        case -2:
            sl_send_reply("401", "Unauthorized");
            exit;
        case -1:
            sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
            exit;
        }
    }

    # REGISTER requests
    if (is_method("REGISTER"))
    {
        if (!pv_www_authorize("example.com"))
        {
            if ($retcode == -5)
            {
                sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
                exit;
            }
            else {
                www_challenge("example.com", "0");
                exit;
            }
        }

        consume_credentials();
        xlog("L_INFO",
             "REGISTER request successfully authenticated");
        return(1);
    }

    # non-REGISTER requests
    if (!pv_proxy_authorize("example.com"))
    {
        if ($retcode == -5)
        {
            sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
            exit;
        }
        else {
            proxy_challenge("example.com", "0");
            exit;
        }
    }

    consume_credentials();
    xlog("L_INFO", "$rm request successfully authenticated");
    return(1);
}

4.3. h350_result_call_preferences(avp_name_prefix)

   This function parses the callPreferenceURI attribute of an H.350
   commObject, which must have been fetched through h350_*_lookup or
   ldap_search. callPreferenceURI is a multi-valued attribute that stores
   call preference rules like e.g. forward-on-busy or
   forward-unconditionally. Directory services architecture for call
   forwarding and preferences [H.350.6] defines a format for simple call
   forwarding rules:

     target_uri type[:argument]

   In a SIP environment, target_uri is typically the call forwarding
   rule's target SIP URI, although it could be any type of URI, e.g. an
   HTTP pointer to a CPL script. Four different values are specified for
   type: b for "forward on busy", n for "forward on no answer", u for
   "forward unconditionally", and f for "forward on destination not
   found". The optional argument is a string indicating the time in
   milliseconds after which the call forwarding should occur.

   Example 1.7. Example H.350 callPreferenceURI simple call forwarding
   rules
# Example 1:
# forward to sip:voicemail@example.com on no answer after 15 seconds:

callPreferenceURI: sip:voicemail@example.com n:15000

# Example 2:
# unconditionally forward to sip:alice@example.com:

callPreferenceURI: sip:alice@example.com u

# Example 3:
# forward to sip:bob@example.com and sip:alice@example.com
# (forking) on destination not found:

callPreferenceURI: sip:bob@example.com f
callPreferenceURI: sip:alice@example.com f

   h350_result_call_preferences stores these call forwarding rules as AVPs
   according to the following rules:

#
# AVP storing a forwarding rule's target URI
#

AVP name  = avp_name_prefix + '_' + type
AVP value = target_uri

#
# AVP storing a forwarding rule's argument
#

AVP name  = avp_name_prefix + '_' + type + '_t'
AVP value = argument / 1000

   Example 1 from above would result in two AVPs: $avp("s:prefix_n") =
   "sip:voicemail@example.com" and $avp("s:prefix_n_t") = 15.

   Example 2: $avp("s:prefix_u") = "sip:alice@example.com".

   Example 3: $avp("s:prefix_f[1]") = "sip:bob@example.com" and
   $avp("s:prefix_f[2]]") = "sip:alice@example.com".

   These AVPs can then be used to implement the desired behavior in the
   Kamailio routing script.

   This function returns the number of successfully parsed simple call
   forwarding rules (TRUE), in case the H.350 callPreferenceURI attribute
   contained one or multiple values matching the simple call forwarding
   rule syntax described above. It returns -1 (FALSE) for internal errors,
   and -2 (FALSE) if none of the rules matched or if no callPreferenceURI
   attribute was found.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
   FAILURE_ROUTE and BRANCH_ROUTE.

   Function Parameters:

   avp_name_prefix
          Name prefix for call forwarding rule AVPs, as described above.

   Return Values:

   n > 0 (TRUE):

          + n simple call forwarding rules found.

   -1 (FALSE):

          + Internal error occurred.

   -2 (FALSE):

          + No simple call forwarding rule found, or callPreferenceURI not
            present.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
   BRANCH_ROUTE, and ONREPLY_ROUTE.

   Example 1.8. Example Usage
#
# H.350 lookup for callee
#

... h350_sipuri_lookup("sip:$rU@$rd") ...

#
# store H.350 call preferences in AVP
#

if (!h350_result_call_preferences("callee_pref_") && ($retcode == -1))
{
    sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
    exit;
}

# $avp(s:callee_pref_u)   == CFU URI(s)
# $avp(s:callee_pref_n)   == CFNR URI(s)
# $avp(s:callee_pref_n_t) == CFNR timeout in seconds
# $avp(s:callee_pref_b)   == CFB URI(s)
# $avp(s:callee_pref_f)   == CFOFFLINE URI(s)

#
# Example for forward-unconditionally (CFU)
#

if (is_avp_set("$avp(s:callee_pref_u)"))
{
    # replace R-URI with CFU URI, g will fetch all CFU URIs
    # --> request can fork
    if (avp_pushto("$ru", "$avp(s:callee_pref_u)/g"))
    {
            avp_delete("$avp(s:callee_pref_u)");
    } else
    {
            sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
            exit;
    }
    sl_send_reply("181", "Call is being forwarded");
    t_relay();
    exit;
}

4.4. h350_result_service_level(avp_name_prefix)

   Directory services architecture for SIP [H.350.4] defines a
   multi-valued LDAP attribute named SIPIdentityServiceLevel, which can be
   used to store SIP account service level values in an LDAP directory.
   This function parses the SIPIdentityServiceLevel attribute and stores
   all service level values as AVPs for later retrieval in the Kamailio
   routing script. The function accesses the H.350 commObject fetched by a
   call to h350_*_lookup or ldap_search.

   The resulting AVPs have a name of the form avp_name_prefix +
   SIPIdentityServiceLevel attribute value, and an integer value of 1.

   Example 1.9. Example SIPIdentityServiceLevel values and resulting AVPs
SIPIdentityServiceLevel: longdistance
SIPIdentityServiceLevel: international
SIPIdentityServiceLevel: 900

after calling h350_result_service_level("sl_"), the following AVPs
will be available in the routing script:

$avp("s:sl_longdistance") = 1
$avp("s:sl_international") = 1
$avp("s:sl_900") = 1

   This function returns the number of added AVPs (TRUE), -1 (FALSE)for
   internal errors, and -2 (FALSE)if no SIPIdentityServiceLevel attribute
   was found.

   The function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE,
   FAILURE_ROUTE and BRANCH_ROUTE.

   Function Parameters:

   avp_name_prefix
          Name prefix for service level AVPs, as described above.

   Return Values:

   n > 0 (TRUE):

          + n AVPs added.

   -1 (FALSE):

          + Internal error occurred.

   -2 (FALSE):

          + No SIPIdentityServiceLevel attribute found.

   This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE,
   BRANCH_ROUTE, and ONREPLY_ROUTE.

   Example 1.10. Example Usage
#
# H.350 SIP digest authentication for caller
#

... h350_auth_lookup("$au", ...) ...

#
# store caller's service level as AVP
#

if (!h350_result_service_level("caller_sl_") && ($retcode == -1))
{
    sl_send_reply("500", "Internal server error");
    exit;
}

#
# make routing decision based on service level AVPs
#

if (is_avp_set("$avp(s:caller_sl_international)"))
{
    t_relay();
}
else {
    sl_send_reply("403", "Forbidden");
}
exit;

Resources

   [H.350] Directory Services Architecture for Multimedia Conferencing.
   August 2003. ITU-T.

   [H.350.4] Directory services architecture for SIP. August 2003. ITU-T.

   [H.350.6] Directory services architecture for call forwarding and
   preferences. March 2004. ITU-T.

   [ViDe-H.350-Cookbook] ViDe H.350 Cookbook. 2005. ViDe.

   [RFC4510] Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Technical
   Specification Road Map. June 2006. Internet Engineering Task Force.
