mirror of https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk
You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
125 lines
4.8 KiB
125 lines
4.8 KiB
\subsubsection{Introduction}
|
|
|
|
The Asterisk Realtime Architecture is a new set of drivers and
|
|
functions implemented in Asterisk.
|
|
|
|
The benefits of this architecture are many, both from a code management
|
|
standpoint and from an installation perspective.
|
|
|
|
The ARA is designed to be independent of storage. Currently, most
|
|
drivers are based on SQL, but the architecture should be able to handle
|
|
other storage methods in the future, like LDAP.
|
|
|
|
The main benefit comes in the database support. In Asterisk v1.0 some
|
|
functions supported MySQL database, some PostgreSQL and other ODBC.
|
|
With the ARA, we have a unified database interface internally in Asterisk,
|
|
so if one function supports database integration, all databases that has a
|
|
realtime driver will be supported in that function.
|
|
|
|
Currently there are three realtime database drivers:
|
|
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item ODBC: Support for UnixODBC, integrated into Asterisk
|
|
The UnixODBC subsystem supports many different databases,
|
|
please check \url{www.unixodbc.org} for more information.
|
|
\item MySQL: Found in the asterisk-addons subversion repository on \url{svn.digium.com}
|
|
\item PostgreSQL: Native support for Postgres, integrated into Asterisk
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Two modes: Static and Realtime}
|
|
|
|
The ARA realtime mode is used to dynamically load and update objects.
|
|
This mode is used in the SIP and IAX2 channels, as well as in the voicemail
|
|
system. For SIP and IAX2 this is similar to the v1.0 MYSQL\_FRIENDS
|
|
functionality. With the ARA, we now support many more databases for
|
|
dynamic configuration of phones.
|
|
|
|
The ARA static mode is used to load configuration files. For the Asterisk
|
|
modules that read configurations, there's no difference between a static
|
|
file in the file system, like extensions.conf, and a configuration loaded
|
|
from a database.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Realtime SIP friends}
|
|
|
|
The SIP realtime objects are users and peers that are loaded in memory
|
|
when needed, then deleted. This means that Asterisk currently can't handle
|
|
voicemail notification and NAT keepalives for these peers. Other than that,
|
|
most of the functionality works the same way for realtime friends as for
|
|
the ones in static configuration.
|
|
|
|
With caching, the device stays in memory for a specified time. More
|
|
information about this is to be found in the sip.conf sample file.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Realtime H.323 friends}
|
|
|
|
Like SIP realtime friends, H.323 friends also can be configured using
|
|
dynamic realtime objects.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{New function in the dial plan: The Realtime Switch}
|
|
|
|
The realtime switch is more than a port of functionality in v1.0 to the
|
|
new architecture, this is a new feature of Asterisk based on the
|
|
ARA. The realtime switch lets your Asterisk server do database lookups
|
|
of extensions in realtime from your dial plan. You can have many Asterisk
|
|
servers sharing a dynamically updated dial plan in real time with this
|
|
solution.
|
|
|
|
Note that this switch does NOT support Caller ID matching, only
|
|
extension name or pattern matching.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Capabilities}
|
|
|
|
The realtime Architecture lets you store all of your configuration in
|
|
databases and reload it whenever you want. You can force a reload over
|
|
the AMI, Asterisk Manager Interface or by calling Asterisk from a
|
|
shell script with
|
|
|
|
asterisk -rx "reload"
|
|
|
|
You may also dynamically add SIP and IAX devices and extensions
|
|
and making them available without a reload, by using the realtime
|
|
objects and the realtime switch.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Configuration in extconfig.conf}
|
|
|
|
You configure the ARA in extconfig.conf (yes, it's a strange name, but
|
|
is was defined in the early days of the realtime architecture and kind
|
|
of stuck).
|
|
|
|
The part of Asterisk that connects to the ARA use a well defined family
|
|
name to find the proper database driver. The syntax is easy:
|
|
|
|
\begin{verbatim}
|
|
<family> => <realtime driver>,<db name>[,<table>]
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|
|
|
|
The options following the realtime driver identified depends on the
|
|
driver.
|
|
|
|
Defined well-known family names are:
|
|
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item sippeers, sipusers - SIP peers and users
|
|
\item iaxpeers, iaxusers - IAX2 peers and users
|
|
\item voicemail - Voicemail accounts
|
|
\item queues - Queues
|
|
\item queue\_members - Queue members
|
|
\item extensions - Realtime extensions (switch)
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
|
|
Voicemail storage with the support of ODBC described in file
|
|
\path{docs/odbcstorage.tex} (\ref{odbcstorage}).
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Limitations}
|
|
|
|
Currently, realtime extensions do not support realtime hints. There is
|
|
a workaround available by using func\_odbc. See the sample func\_odbc.conf
|
|
for more information.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{FreeTDS supported with connection pooling}
|
|
|
|
In order to use a FreeTDS-based database with realtime, you need to turn
|
|
connection pooling on in res\_odbc.conf. This is due to a limitation within
|
|
the FreeTDS protocol itself. Please note that this includes databases such
|
|
as MS SQL Server and Sybase. This support is new in the current release.
|